Log Interpretation Principles Applications

INTRODUCTION: History — The field operation — Log data acquisition — Data processing — Data transmission — FUNDAMENTALS OF QUANTITATIVE LOG INTERPRETATION: Porosity — Saturation — Permeability — Reservoir geometry — Temperature and pressure — Log interpretation — The invasion process — Resistivity — Formation factor and porosity — Water saturation — SPONTANEOUS POTENTIAL AND NATURAL GAMMA RAY LOGS: The SP curve — The GR log — The NGS log — FORMATION WATER RESISTIVITY DETERMINATION: Rw from water catalog — Rw from chemical analysis — Rw from the SP — Environmental corrections and precautions — Salts other than NaCl — SP anomalies — Rw from resistivity-porosity logs — Resistivity-porosity plots — POROSITY LOGS: Sonic logs — Density logs — Neutron logs — LITHOLOGY AND POROSITY DETERMINATION: Neutron-density crossplots — Sonic-density crossplot — Sonic-neutron crossplots — Density-photoelectric cross section crossplots — NGS crossplots — Effect of shaliness on crossplots — Effect of secondary porosity on crossplots — The secondary porosity index log — Effect of hydrocarbons on crossplots — M-N plot — MID plot — Pmaa vs Umaa MID plot — Complex lithology mixtures — Litho-analysis program — Presence of evaporites — Fluid identification — and RESISTIVITY LOGS: Conventional electrical logs — Focusing electrode logs — Induction logging — Microresistivity devices — DETERMINATION OF SATURATION: Clean formations — Logarithmic overlays — Resistivity ratio methods — F-MOP movable oil plot — Porosity and gas saturation in empty holes — Shaly formations — Saraband and Coriband models — Dual water models — GLOBAL method — ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPAGATION LOGS: EPT log — ADEPT: the adaptable EPT tool — Interpretation methods — Endfire array — Broadside array — Deep propagation tool (DPT) — Interpretation methods — Tool specifications and limitations — PERMEABILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY: Permeability — Productivity — WELLBORE SEISMIC: Well seismic equipment — Digital check-shot survey — Geogram processing — Vertical seismic profile — DSA tool for VSP acquisition — Primary uses of the VSP summary — Proximity survey interpretation — GEOLOGIC SERVICES: Correlation — Stratigraphic information from the dipmeter — Electrofacies identification — Reservoir description services — MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCKS: Natural fractures — Elastic constants — Inherent strength computations and their relationship to formation collapse — Stress analysis in relation to hydraulic fracturing — Hydraulic fracture geometry analysis.