RESERVOIR JUSTIFICATION OF STIMULATION TREATMENTS: Fundamentals of pressure transient analysis —
Well and reservoir analysis —
HYDRAULIC FRACTURING ELEMENTS OF ROCK MECHANICS: Pertinent rock properties and their measurement —
In situ stress and its determination —
MODELING OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURES: Conservation laws and constitutive equations —
Fracture propagation models —
Fluid flow modeling —
Acid fracturing —
FRACTURING FLUID CHEMISTRY: Water base fluids —
Oil base fluids —
Multiphase fluids —
Additives —
Execution —
FRACTURING FLUID PROPPANT AND CHARACTERIZATION: Rheology —
Shear and temperature effects on fluid properties —
Foam fracturing fluids —
Slurry rheology —
Proppant transport —
Fluid loss —
Formation and fracture damage —
Proppants —
PRE TREATMENT DATA REQUIREMENTS: Types of data —
Sources of data —
Dynamic downhole testing —
Data requirement optimization —
FRACTURING DIAGNOSIS USING PRESSURE ANALYSIS: Basic relations —
Pressure during pumping —
Analysis during closure —
Combined analysis pumping and closure —
Field Procedures —
THE OPTIMIZATION OF PROPPED FRACTURE TREATMENTS: Physical systems and mathematical formulations —
Treatment optimization design procedure —
Parametric studies of fracture design variables —
CONSIDERATIONS IN FRACTURE DESIGN: Size limitations —
Considerations with predetermined size or volume —
Benefits of high proppant concentrations —
Effect of reservoir properties —
Effects of perforations on fracture execution —
FRACTURE HEIGHT PREDICTIONS AND POST TREATMENT MEASUREMENTS: Linear fracture mechanics modeling for fracture height —
Fracture height prediction procedures —
Techniques to measure fracture height —
POST TREATMENT EVALUATION AND FRACTURED WELL PERFORMANCE: Selected references before the finite conductivity fracture models —
Cinco and Samaniego 1978 1981a model —
Comments on damaged and chocked fractures —
Post fracture well analysis —
Interpretation for finite conductivity fracture wells with wellbore storage —
Comparison of production forecasts for untreated and fractured wells —
Calculation of the fracture length and conductivity of long flowing wells —
MATRIX STIMULATION NATURE OF FORMATION DAMAGE: Pseudodamage vs formation damage —
True formation damage —
Origin of formation damage —
Damage removal —
ACIDIZING PHYSICS: Solid liquid reaction under no flow conditions —
Solid liquid reaction with a moving fluid —
Other instabilities —
Practical implications in sandstone acidizing —
Practical implications in carbonate acidizing —
MATRIX ACIDIZING OF SANDSTONES: Criteria for fluid selection —
Organization of the decision tree —
Preflush and postflush —
Acidizing sandstones with mud acid —
Other acidizing formulations —
Matrix acidizing design —
FLUID PLACEMENT AND DIVERSION IN SANDSTONE ACIDIZING: Techniques of fluid placement —
Diverting agents —
Laboratory characterization of diverting agent efficiency —
Prediction of efficiency at reservoir conditions —
MATRIX ACIDIZING TREATMENT EVALUATION: Derivation of bottomhole parameters from wellhead measurements —
Monitoring skin evolution during treatment —
The Prouvost and Economides 1987 method —
Discussion components of pressure response —
Example calculation —
ACID FRACTURING PRINCIPLES OF ACID FRACTURING: Comparison of acid fracturing vs fracturing with propping agent and nonreactive fluids —
Factors controlling the effectiveness of acid fracturing treatments —
Acid fluid loss —
Acid spending during fluid injection —
Treatment design —
Acid fracturing treatment models —
Example application of acid fracture design —
ACID FRACTURE PROPAGATION AND PRODUCTION: Mechanisms of acid penetration —
Production model —
Production behavior of acid fractures —
Performance type curves —
Comparison between acid and propped fractures —
EXTENDED REACH AND HORIZONTAL WELLS: Performance comparison between fully completed vertical and horizontal wells —
Comparison of fully completed horizontal wells with hydraulically fractured vertical wells —
Borehole stability —
Stimulation —
Performance of hydraulically fractured horizontal wells.
